The Scarborough Woods property consists of a diverse, mixed-age forest. The dominant canopy species primarily consist of red oaks (red, shumard, and pin, possibly), black walnut, hackberry, and sweetgum. Subdominant canopy species include bitternut hickory, shagbark hickory, tuliptree, hackberry, sugar maple, red oak, and walnut. Buckeyes, American elm, and box elder are common throughout the understory, which also contains a stand of pawpaw trees, catalpa, and a swamp white oak.

Native tree recruitment is high, and there are many native tree seedlings scattered throughout the parcel, most notably red oak, bitternut hickory, and sweetgum in the western portion of the park. Non-native tree-of-heaven and princess trees are scattered throughout the parcel. A non-native sweet cherry tree (Prunus avium) is present in the north central forest edge, as well as Norway maple specimens scattered throughout the area. There is an accessible ailanthus colony along the western edge of the park.

Groundcover at Scarborough Woods is dominated by invasive English ivy and wintercreeper (euonymous) throughout the parcel. There is a
small clump of Japanese knotweed in the forest interior, along with an unidentified grass species. There is also a clump of periwinkle along the
southwestern edge. Native herbaceous species include white snakeroot, spotted jewelweed, cleavers, and a large area of a woodland sedge species in the forest interior. Grapevine, poison ivy, and Virginia creeper are also present.